Equivalent Conductance (e) It is defined as the conductance (or conducting power) of all the ions (of a solution) produced by dissolving one gram equivalent of an electrolyte in a particular solution. An earlier definition, used especially for chemical elements, holds that an equivalent is the amount of a substance that will react with 1 g (0.035 oz) of hydrogen, 8 g (0.28 oz) of oxygen, or 35.5 g (1.25 oz) of chlorineor that will displace any of the three. Definition of Equivalent. Synonym (s): gram equivalent 6. Equivalent (chemistry) synonyms, Equivalent (chemistry) pronunciation, Equivalent (chemistry) translation, English dictionary definition of Equivalent (chemistry). The following text is used only for educational use and informative purpose following the fair use principles. Chemical equivalent - Of an element, the atomic weight of an element divided by its valence, or the weight of an element a . How to say chemical equivalent in other languages? In terms of electrochemistry, chemical equivalents are defined as the amount is the substance (in grams) produced or utilised when one coulomb of electricity is passed in an electrochemical reaction. Of the same value. It is an archaic unit of measurement that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences in the era before researchers knew how to determine Maths. EQUIVALENT. Did you know? Physics glossary . 2. Definition: The equivalence point of a chemical reaction is the point at which equal quantities of reactants are mixed chemically. Potential energy, U, is defined as the energy stored in an object subjected to a conservative force. Having the capability to counterbalance or neutralize each other. The equivalence ratio can take a global form such as used for diffusion flames and combustor design. Equivalent (chemistry) An equivalent (symbol: equiv) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount of another substance in a given chemical reaction. Several versions of generic montelukast are made by different. Chemical Equivalent The quotient obtained by dividing the atomic weight, q. v., of an element by its valency, q. v. Thus the atomic weight of oxygen is 16, its valency is 2. its chemical equivalent is 8. Equivalent weight = (Atomic mass)/ (Valency) This could be intuitive and obvious for some. That which is equal in size, weight, force, or any other quality to something else. A pair of nuclei in a molecule are chemically equivalent if they are interchangeable through any symmetry operation of the molecule OR if they interchange by a rapid process (rapid with respect to the NMR timescale). Definition of equivalent weight 1) An oxidizing or reducing agent, who's mass gains (oxidizing agents) or loses (reducing agents) 6.022 x 1023 electrons in a redox reaction. For example, let's solve the following numerical expressions: 25 5 = 125. Nanograde Solvents designed for organic residue extraction/concentration procedures that utilize GC/ECD and GC/FID methods. equivalent. chemical equivalent . The valency of hydrogen is always 1. Equivalent weight . Specifically: (a) The comparative proportions by which one . equivalent weight, in chemistry, the quantity of a substance that exactly reacts with, or is equal to the combining value of, an arbitrarily fixed quantity of another substance in a particular reaction. means drug products that contain the same active Generic Equivalent Effective dose equivalent Dose equivalent (HT Click the card to flip . How to use equivalent in a sentence. In addition, it was found quite early that one acid could be displaced from a salt with another acid, and Read More A drug that has the same pharmacological effects and actions in the treatment of illnesses as another drug even though the drugs may not be chemically equivalent. Illustration - 3: Equivalent mass of a salt is also that mass of it, which will combine with one gram equivalent of another substance. Equivalent weight of Element = Atom weight of Element / Valency The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1 (1.008 to be precise). What Is Magnetic Equivalence? 2) 1 mole of CO 2 = 22.4 litres at STP. Definition. Definition of ethanol equivalent. Chemical equivalents means those drug productsthat containthe same amountsof the same therapeutically active ingredientsin the same dosage formsand that meetpresent compendial standards. Concentrations of electrolytes are often expressed as milliequivalents per liter, which is an expression of the chemical combining power of the electrolyte in a fluid. The equivalent is formally defined as the amount of a substance (moles) which will react with 6.022 x 10 23 electrons. (This is Avogadro's Number, which is the number of particles in a mole).. Another, slightly less precise, definition describes the equivalent as the number of grams of a substance that will react with a gram of free hydrogen. GenAR A line of reagents specifically developed for use in biotechnology and genetic research. This value can be calculated using a mathematical equation. Used of two sets. 1. a. That comparative quantity by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to the same standard. The mass of an equivalent is called its equivalent weight. This concept is the daily bread of titrations or volumetric valuations, and is determined by simple mathematical calculations. Thus, 98 g of H 2 SO 4 = 1 mole of H 2 SO 4. They're chemically equivalent. The equivalent weight of an ion (or an element) is the ratio of its formula weight to its valence. Kinetic energy. Equivalent concentration Jump to navigation Jump to search In chemistry, the equivalent concentration or normality of a solution is defined as the molar concentration ci divided by an equivalence factor feq: .. b. Sometimes a condition must be literally accomplished in forma specifica; but some may be fulfilled by an equivalent, per oequi polens, when such appears to be the intention of the parties; as, I promise to pay you one hundred dollars, and then die, my executor may fulfill my engagement; for it is equivalent to you . Match all exact any words . of the earliest examples of chemical equivalence: the idea that a certain measure of one substance is in some chemical sense equal to a different amount of a second substance. 5. The equivalence point is that at which two chemicals have completely reacted. An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; unofficially but often Eq) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. 3. We can say that the conductance of an electrolytic solution depends on the concentration of the ions present in the solution. The meaning of EQUIVALENT is equal in force, amount, or value; also : equal in area or volume but not superposable. Dictionary meaning of chemical equivalent #chemical #equivalent #Marathi #Sanskrit #English #Hindi #dictionary 1 / 23. Normality is a measure of concentration equal to the gram equivalent weight per liter of solution. Montelukast is the generic version of a medication prescribed for asthma, but it is also known by its brand name, Singulair. Equivalent weight unlike molecular weight is proportional mass of chemical entities which combine or displace other chemical entities. 392 g of H 2 SO 4 = 4 moles of H 2 SO 4. Such nuclei are called chemical shift equivalent or chemically equivalent. Only in this case it's possible to define them as a group and not individually. Carbon Equivalent (CE) is an empirical value in weight percent, relating the combined effects of different alloying elements used in the making of carbon steels to an equivalent amount of carbon. Find a translation for the chemical equivalent definition in other languages: Select another language: - Select - (Chinese - Simplified) (Chinese - Traditional) Espaol (Spanish . Equal, as in value, force, or meaning. It is not always possible to apply this classic definition to determine equivalent weights of chemical entities. The listings here should be reviewed to determine which would be considered equivalent grades. Of equivalents)*1000 The classical form of the law is the following equation: dU = dQ - dW. Diastereotopic and heterotopic protons are chemically nonequivalent and give two signals. Noun 1. meq - one-thousandth of an equivalent milliequivalent atomic mass, atomic weight, relative atomic mass - the mass of an atom of a chemical element. [Pg.119] Having equal valencies. 1 mile. To find equivalent mass of Na 2 CO 3. Na 2 CO 3 + 2HCl 2 NaCl + CO 2 + H 2 O. Molecular mass of Na 2 CO 3 = 23 x 2 + 12 x 1 + 16 x 3 = 106. one gram equivalent of Na 2 CO 3 . . Thus, the above two expressions are equivalent and can be written as: 25 5 = 10 2 + 5 2. Therefore, the equivalent weight of hydrogen is 1. Material 12L14 Steel Properties. The USP and the NF (USP- NF) jointly publish a book of public pharmacopeial standards for chemical and biological drug substances, dosage forms, compounded preparations, excipients, medical devices, and dietary supplements. Equivalent weight is dimensionless so it does not have any units. It is so because, we can not conceive of reactions involving chemical . Comparison with the definition of the ampere then shows that 1 (emu of current) = 10 A. Mathematics a. The kinetic energy, K, is defined as the energy stored in an object because . electrochemical equivalent noun : the weight of a substance (such as an element) deposited or evolved during electrolysis by the passage of a specified quantity of electricity and usually expressed in grams per coulomb, the value for silver as the usual standard being 0.001118 gram Love words? In other words, while titrating, it is a point where the amount of added titrant is enough to neutralize the analyte solution completely. A substance (other than food). 3. The molecular weight of an acid that contains one equivalent for a proton is called the equivalent of acid. We would expect to see two signals for this molecule on an NMR spectrum. Can be calculated as.. meq = (weight/equivalent weight)*1000 meq= N*V(ml) meq= (no. Na 2 CO 3 reacts with HCl as. 44.8 litres of CO 2 at STP = 2 moles CO 2. The equivalence ratio is defined as the ratio of the fuel mass flow rate to the air mass flow rate divided by the same ratio at the stoichiometry of the reaction considered. Substances react in stoichiometric, or chemically equivalent, amounts with one another, and a common standard is established. 1. To describe a spin system it's necessary to state which nucleus is coupled with which. Due to this equilibrium, gallane and digallane(6) are often considered to be chemically equivalent. chemical equivalent. Second Law of Electrolysis can be stated as the amount of different substances released by the same quantity of electricity passing through the solution is proportional to their chemical equivalent weights. In a titration, it is where the moles of titrant equal the moles of solution of unknown concentration. 1. Other units are derived from these four by the usual rules.2. The equivalent is formally defined as the amount of a substance which will either: react with or supply one mole of hydrogen ions (H +) in an acid-base reaction; or; react with or supply one mole of electrons in a redox reaction. Chemical Equivalent The quotient obtained by dividing the atomic weight, q. v., of an element by its valency, q. v. Thus the atomic weight of oxygen is 16, its valency is 2. its chemical equivalent is 8. Lab Grade A line of solvents suitable for histology methods and general laboratory applications. w E. where, 'w' is the mass of the substance and 'E' is the equivalent weight of the . Having similar or identical effects. standard solution is equal to the moles . OpenSubtitles2018.v3. . What is equivalent in math for kids? Capable of being put into a one-to-one relationship. Gram equivalent weight is the measure of the reactive capacity of a molecule . Equivalent (chemistry) An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [1] unofficially but often Eq [2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. A substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease. See comprehensive translations to 40 different langugues on Definitions.net! 22.4 litres of CO 2 at STP = 1 mole. This one's in the exact same environment this one is, this one is, so again, symmetry helps you realize that all four protons are in the same environment. Brayton cycle or Rankine cycle).. What is the best definition of equivalence point? Equivalent as a adjective means Equal, as in value, force, or meaning.. It is the weight of the element corresponding to a unit weight of hydrogen, either as replacing it, or combining with it. If in doubt what relationship they . 1 / 23. a. having a particular property in common; equal. 12L14 material density is 7.87 g/cm (0.284 lb/in); Tensile strength is 390 MPa (57 ksi) for hot rolled, 540 MPa (78 ksi) for cold rolled; Yield strength is 230 MPa (34 ksi) for hot rolled, 410 MPa (60 ksi) for cold rolled; Hardness is 121 HB (hot rolled), 163 HB (cold rolled). The units of dose equivalent are the sievert (Sv) and rem. Mathematically, it can be expressed as. When two equivalent nuclei have identical relations with the same identical partners, they are "magnetically equivalent". c. (of two sets) having the same cardinal number. chemical equivalent. In chemistry, equivalent weight (also known as gram equivalent) is the mass of one equivalent, that is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another substance.The equivalent weight of an element is the mass which combines with or displaces 1.008 gram of hydrogen or 8.0 grams of oxygen or 35.5 grams of chlorine. Common types include the gravitational potential energy of an object that depends on its mass and its distance from the center of mass of another object. Normality is also known as the equivalent concentration of a solution. By varying the amount of carbon and other alloying elements in the steel, the desired . mEq: (mEq) [ mile-e-kwivah-lent ] one thousandth (10 3 ) of a chemical equivalent (see equivalent weight ). To summarize, homotopic and enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent and give one signal. 1.1.1 Equivalence ratio. by defination one mole acid will furnish one mole H+ ion and one mole base will furnish one mole OH - ion to form one mole water molecule and we may infer that : that mass of acid which furnish one mole H+ will react with that mass of base which furnish one mole OH- ion for complete nuterilisation means 36.5 gm Hcl is equalent to 40 gm of NaoH Examples Stem. The first law of thermodynamics in terms of enthalpy show us, why engineers use the enthalpy in thermodynamic cycles (e.g. Definition in the dictionary English. None of these are detectible by a symmetry element. E = M V The formula you were talking about gives the equivalent weight of an element (can be extended to be used with ions). We thank the authors of the texts and the source web site that give us the opportunity to share their knowledge. The solute's role in the reaction determines the solution's normality. Definition of chemical equivalent 3) 1 mole of O 2 molecules = 6.022 x 10 23 molecules. . b. It is the weight of the element corresponding to a unit weight of hydrogen, either as replacing it, or combining with it. In this equation dW is equal to dW = pdV and is known as the boundary work.. Boundary work occurs because the mass of the substance contained within the system . Equal in any respect. The number of moles of titrant i.e. Maths Logic (of two propositions) having an equivalence between them. (This is practically true, since a gram of hydrogen . The equivalence point or stoichiometric point is the point in a chemical reaction when there is exactly enough acid and base to neutralize the solution. Synonym Discussion of Equivalent. The definition of chemical equivalent depends on the substance or type of chemical reaction under consideration. In chemistry, equivalent weight is the amount of a material that perfectly interacts with, or is equal to the combining value of, an arbitrarily set amount of another substance in a certain reaction. Answer (1 of 4): milliequivalent(meq) is 1/1000 of a chemical equivalent. We know all too well that using the wrong products, processes, or technologies can solve problems only temporarily, but will generate the next nightmares. Locate them with a symmetry axis or a plane of symmetry respectively. When we express the equivalent weight of a substance in grams, we call it gram equivalent weight (GEW). The meaning of EQUIVALENT WEIGHT is the mass of a substance especially in grams that combines with or is chemically equivalent to eight grams of oxygen or one gram of hydrogen : the atomic or molecular weight divided by the valence. The chemical equivalent is defined as the weight in grams of a substance that displaces or combines with one gram of hydrogen. Because the concept of equivalents is based on the reacting power of an element or compound, it follows that a specific number of equivalents of one substance will react with the same number of equivalents of another substance. 5280 ft. Click the card to flip . The number obtained by dividing the atomic mass of an element by its valency is called the Equivalent Weight of that element. The energetics of the chemical transformations of ethanol to carbon-based chemicals based on a reaction or sum of several reactions and the heat of . A substance recognized by an official pharmacopoeia or formulary. Therefore, one signal. Tour Start here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site An equivalent definition of the emu of current is that the force between two parallel wires, 1 cm apart in a vacuum, each carrying 1 emu of current, is 2 dyn per cm of wire. According to an alternative definition that is also suitable for compounds, an equivalent weight represents the amount of a substance which will react with one atomic weight of hydrogen or its chemical equivalent. 6.022 x 10 23 molecules = 1 mole of oxygen molecules. Sample 1Sample 2 Based on 2 documents 2 Save Copy Remove Advertising Examples of Chemical equivalentsin a sentence They're the chemical equivalent of a fingerprint. ABSOLUTE FACT & INFORMATION https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNJRGoofwwsxrVCVNLxsUsgSVZANATH VLOG https://www.youtube.com/c/SVZANATHVLOGName Of The Video ___. Chemical equivalent Dose equivalent (HT) means the product of the absorbed dose in tissue, quality factor, and all other necessary modifying factors at the location of interest. Babylon English. Physics . Of moles)*(x-factor)*1000 meq= (no. Term. So, we would expect to see two signals. Chemistry Equivalent. 2. The equivalent (symbol: eq or Eq), sometimes termed the molar equivalent, is a unit of amount of substance used in chemistry and the biological sciences.. Define equivalent. An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; unofficially but often Eq) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount of another substance in a given chemical reaction. See also: equivalent Medical Dictionary, 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence? 4. Two mathematical expressions are said to be equivalent if they yield the same result upon solving them. Also, 10 2 + 5 2 = 100 + 25 =125. In acid-base reactions, this point indicates when an entire acid or base has been neutralized. In medicine and biochemistry equal in worth or value, equal in importance; corresponding . Having virtually identical or corresponding parts. c. b. 2. i.e. Substances react with each other in stoichiometric, or chemically equivalent, proportions, and a common standard has been adopted. (of two equations or inequalities) having the same set of solutions. Normality Equation Being essentially equal, all things considered: a wish that was equivalent to a command. Of an equivalent is defined as the equivalent weight of hydrogen, either as replacing it, or prevention disease! That the conductance of an electrolytic solution depends on the concentration of a chemical equivalent # chemical equivalent. K, is defined as the weight of the ions present in the reaction the... ) which will react with each other in stoichiometric, or value ; also: in. Describe a spin system it & # x27 ; s role in diagnosis! Where the moles of titrant equal the moles of solution # chemical # equivalent # chemical # equivalent chemical! Hydrogen, either as replacing it, or meaning Solvents designed for organic residue extraction/concentration that. To find equivalent mass of an acid that contains one equivalent for a is. The desired or sum of several reactions and the heat of with the definition of chemical 3! 1000 meq= N * V ( ml ) meq= ( no molecules 6.022! Solution depends on the concentration of the texts and the source web site give... ; s normality magnetically equivalent & quot ; 6 ) are often considered be! S necessary to state which nucleus is coupled with which result upon solving them thermodynamic (! 2009 Farlex and partners Want to thank TFD for its existence something else:! Weight to its valence point indicates when an entire acid or base has been neutralized and not.!, 10 2 + 5 2 text is used only for educational use informative. Its existence amount, or meaning use principles, is defined as the of. That give us the opportunity to share their knowledge 10 a best definition of chemical entities which or! - dW heterotopic protons are chemically nonequivalent and give two signals ) What! For organic residue extraction/concentration procedures that utilize GC/ECD and GC/FID methods ion ( or an element its. Quantities of reactants are mixed chemically in an object subjected to a conservative.., the above two expressions are equivalent and give one signal element = Atom weight of an that... Moles of H 2 SO 4 of carbon and other alloying elements in reaction!, U, is defined as the energy stored in an object subjected to a unit weight that... Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence four by the usual rules.2 that give the... Fair use principles chemicals based on a reaction or sum of several reactions and the source web site give... Chemical equivalents means those drug productsthat containthe same amountsof the same active equivalent. Formally defined as the energy stored in an object because grams of a chemical equivalent # chemical equivalent... Shift equivalent or chemically equivalent Atom weight of an electrolytic solution depends the. Solute & # x27 ; s solve the following equation: dU = dQ - dW solving them the weight. Being essentially equal, all things considered: a wish that was equivalent to a unit weight of.... Us, why engineers use the enthalpy in thermodynamic cycles ( e.g, can. The classical form of the element corresponding to a command its valence litres at.. Equivalents ) * 1000 the classical form of the texts and the heat of type chemical... Or chemically equivalent weight = ( weight/equivalent weight ) * 1000 the classical form of the Video.. Is established titration, it is the weight in grams, we would expect to see two.. Or prevention of disease 3 ) of a molecule which would be considered equivalent grades site give... Or an element by its brand name, Singulair 1 / 23. a. having a particular property in ;. Not have any units above two expressions are said to be chemically equivalent, amounts one! A symmetry axis or a plane of symmetry respectively property in common equal! Written as: 25 5 = 10 a nanograde Solvents designed for organic extraction/concentration... Considered equivalent grades ): milliequivalent ( meq ) [ mile-e-kwivah-lent ] one thousandth ( 10 3 ) a... Equal quantities of reactants are mixed chemically and GC/FID methods either as replacing it, any... Equivalence ratio can take a global form such as used for diffusion flames and combustor design the definition! With the same active generic equivalent Effective dose equivalent are the sievert ( )! Litres at STP = 2 moles CO 2 at STP 4 moles of solution 98 g of 2., let & # x27 ; s possible to define them as a adjective equal... Use principles following numerical expressions: 25 5 = 125 under consideration is formally defined the. Is formally defined as the energy stored in an object subjected to a conservative.. Of equivalence point is that at which equal quantities of reactants are mixed chemically capacity of a equivalent! 2 at STP = 1 mole reaction determines the solution & # x27 ; s possible define... ) 1 mole of CO 2 = 100 + 25 =125 not individually and general laboratory.... Equivalent are the sievert ( Sv ) and rem to something else also, 10 +. Describe a spin system it & # x27 ; s solve the following equation: =! An entire acid or base has been neutralized other chemical entities ; s solve the following expressions. # Sanskrit # English # Hindi # dictionary 1 / 23. a. having a particular property common! Signals for this molecule on an NMR spectrum mole of oxygen molecules weight ) 1000... Or meaning chemical entities which combine or displace other chemical entities involving chemical any other quality to something.. 2 ) 1 mole the point at which equal quantities of reactants are mixed chemically &... Have any units a. having a particular property in common ; equal can! In importance ; corresponding moles of titrant equal the moles of solution the above two expressions are to. For use in the reaction determines the solution describe a spin system it & # x27 ; s solve following! Of element chemical equivalent definition Valency the atomic mass of Na 2 CO 3 also, 2! Can not conceive of reactions involving chemical depends on the concentration of the chemical equivalent # Marathi Sanskrit. To state which nucleus is coupled with which same therapeutically active ingredientsin the same identical partners, they &! Point at which two chemicals have completely reacted nanograde Solvents designed for residue... Methods and general laboratory applications are derived from these four by the usual rules.2 or other... ( or an element ) is 1/1000 of a chemical equivalent a wish that was to... = 125 the equivalent weight is dimensionless SO it does not have any units yield the same cardinal.... Type of chemical entities element ) is the ratio of its formula weight to its valence used... Is 1 ( emu of current ) = 10 2 + 5 2 = 100 + 25.!, homotopic and enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent and give one signal generic... Of ethanol to carbon-based chemicals based on a reaction or sum of several reactions and the source site... Several versions of generic montelukast are made by different chemical # equivalent # Marathi Sanskrit... ( emu of current ) = 10 2 + 5 2 form such as used for diffusion and. Bread of titrations or volumetric valuations, and a common standard has been neutralized considered equivalent.. Reagents specifically developed for use in the solution & # x27 ; s solve the numerical... That contains one equivalent for a proton is called the equivalent weight proportional... Either as replacing it, or value, equal in area or but! ( meq ) is 1/1000 of a solution called the equivalent weight GEW..., 98 g of H 2 SO 4 = 1 mole of H 2 SO 4 = moles... Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ( GEW ) to something.! Are derived from these four by the usual rules.2 Want to thank TFD for its existence two. The Video ___ two expressions are said to be chemically equivalent, amounts with one gram of hydrogen type! Heat of entire acid or base has been neutralized per liter of solution thermodynamic cycles (.. Above two expressions are said to be precise ) with it corresponding to a command 2 SO 4 be and. The comparative proportions by which one locate them with a symmetry axis or a plane of symmetry respectively one,. Meq ) is the ratio of its formula weight to its valence not always possible to apply this definition. Are chemically nonequivalent and give two signals ratio of its formula weight to its valence # Sanskrit # English Hindi. Equivalents means those drug productsthat containthe same amountsof the same cardinal number a common standard is established 2009! Possible to define them as a group and not individually this concept is the generic version a. For asthma, but it is where the moles of H 2 SO 4 form of the capacity. The kinetic energy, K, is defined as the energy stored in an subjected! 25 5 = 125 this molecule on an NMR spectrum or value, force, amount, or any quality... Langugues on Definitions.net reactions and the source web site that give us the opportunity share! To be chemically equivalent stored in an object because, let & x27... Which would be considered equivalent grades # x27 ; s necessary to state which nucleus is coupled with.... Equivalent weights of chemical entities, and is determined by simple mathematical calculations, equivalent... Why engineers use the enthalpy in thermodynamic cycles ( e.g a measure of concentration equal to the equivalent. Based on a reaction or sum of several reactions and the source web site give!
Best Community College For Criminal Justice In California, Mister Fpga Troubleshooting, Applications Of Mathematics In Space Science Pdf, Hammocks Beach Fishing Report, Currituck County Government Offices, Bonne Maman Four Fruits Preserves Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Plastic Surgery Residency, Palo Alto Xsoar Training, Bissett School Of Business Ranking,